Cystocele and Urethrocele

Cystocele- is the downward displacement of the bladder into the vagina
Urethrocele- is the downward displacement of the urethra into the vagina

Possible Causes :

• by genital atrophy associated with aging occurs
• congenital
• obstetric trauma

Signs and symptoms:

• pelvic pressure or heaviness
• backache
• urinary urgency , frequency, incontinence, incomplete emptying
• coughing , sneezing, long standing will cause more intra-abdominal pressure
• relieved by resting or lying down

Management:
Surgery

• Anterior vaginal colporrhaphy -repair of the anterior vaginal wall

Post- operative care:

• care of the catheter - should be in proper place and check if urine flowing freely
• check packing for presence of bleeding
• perineal care after each voiding or defecation
• heat lamp to dry incision and helps in the healing process
• apply ice packs locally to relieve discomfort
• analgesic for pain as prescribed by the physician

Nursing Intervention

• Encourage to increase fluid intake to prevents bacterial flora in the bladder
  
• Catheterize if necessary as per doctor's advised
• advised patient for Kegel's pelvic floor exercise - keep your pelvic floor muscles toned, tightens the vaginal muscles -hold for a count and then relax. This may reduce risk of incontinence and similar problems as patient get older. Kegel exercises can also help to control urinary incontinence.